Memory · critical

How to fixREF-TIMEOUT

Memory refresh period expired

What this error means

REF-TIMEOUT shows up as a critical-severity system memory (RAM) fault. Memory cells have lost their charge before the next refresh cycle. The usual suspects are different modules in one board, poor quality CPU controller, frequency too high and dust in slot. Follow the steps below to fix it.

Before you begin

Save open work and back up important files. Note any recent driver or hardware changes. If Windows cannot start, use the startup guide first.

Work through these checks

0 of 3 complete
01Disable XMP profile in BIOS

Disable XMP profile in BIOS.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

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02Clean the RAM contacts with a school eraser

Clean the RAM contacts with a school eraser.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

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03Update BIOS for better compatibility

Update BIOS for better compatibility.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

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Possible causes

  • Different modules in one board
  • Poor quality CPU controller
  • Frequency too high
  • Dust in slot

Useful Windows tools

These commands open Windows tools. Review any action inside the tool before applying changes.

mdsched.exe