Storage · critical

How to fixNVME_READ_ONLY

NVMe SSD Locked in Read-Only Mode

What this error means

NVME_READ_ONLY shows up as a critical-severity storage drive (SSD/HDD) fault. The solid state drive controller detects media wear or flash array errors and locks itself in read-only write-protection to prevent further data loss. The user can read files but cannot save, modify, or format the drive. Another common trigger is excessive bad blocks. Use the steps below to track down and fix the cause.

Before you begin

Save open work and back up important files. Note any recent driver or hardware changes. If Windows cannot start, use the startup guide first.

Work through these checks

0 of 3 complete
01Backup all files from the drive immediately

Backup all files from the drive immediately.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

I need help
02Buy a replacement SSD

Buy a replacement SSD.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

I need help
03Use SSD manufacturer software to check spare block count

Use SSD manufacturer software to check spare block count.

Use the instructions for your exact device and operating system. Check the manufacturer’s documentation before changing firmware, hardware, or system settings.

I need help

Possible causes

  • SSD write endurance limit (TBW) exceeded
  • Critical controller hardware failure
  • Excessive bad blocks